Dachshund

The Dachshund is an independent, scent-driven companion that brings a big personality to a small frame. Living well with one mostly comes down to protecting their long back with stair-free environments and staying patient through notorious house-training challenges. This guide focuses on daily life, from sniff-heavy flat-ground walks to managing their vocal nature at home.

This breed comes in several varieties — smooth, wirehaired and longhaired coats, in standard and miniature sizes. Grooming and some traits differ between them; the details below reflect the most common variety, so confirm your dog's specific type with your breeder or vet.

Small size5–15 kgmale5–15 kgfemale12–16 yrs lifespan
Coloured-pencil illustration of a Dachshund

Daily-care planners

House-training

Challenging to house-train

Dachshunds are widely regarded as one of the harder breeds to housetrain. Cold or wet weather resistance is the norm — waterproof pads near the door and short, frequent outdoor trips help more than schedule changes alone.

Typically 6–12 months; some individuals longer
Open the potty planner

Walks

Moderate exercise needs

A long back means steep hills, rough terrain, and jumping are best avoided. Flat, smooth routes with gentle gradients are generally preferred, and shorter sessions prevent fatigue. Harnesses are recommended over neck collars for this build. Sniff-focused walks — nose to the ground — are natural enrichment and tire them well within sensible distances.

Plan walks

Temperament

Dachshunds are deeply independent dogs bred to think for themselves, though their distinctive long backs mean owners must prioritize flat-ground walks and strictly avoid stairs during play.

They can adapt well to both apartments and houses with yards, provided their moderate exercise and mental stimulation needs are met daily. Because they have a high tendency to vocalize, apartment dwellers should be prepared to work on quiet settling and offer puzzle toys or scent games to keep their minds engaged indoors.

With people, they tend to be polite rather than overtly fawning, and they can fit into families with children, first-time owners, or seniors, provided interactions are supervised and gentle. Their moderate tolerance for children means kids must be taught how to support their long backs properly, and training should focus on positive, patient reinforcement rather than expecting immediate obedience.

When it comes to other animals, they are often selective with unfamiliar dogs and may not share a home easily. Their very high prey drive means they are prone to chasing cats or smaller pets, so careful introductions and secure management are essential.

Originally bred in Germany to go to ground after badgers and burrowing game, this heritage explains their digging instincts and determination. In modern homes, this translates to a dog that thrives on harness-led, sniff-focused walks where they can engage their noses safely on smooth routes.

What life with a Dachshund asks of you

Grooming & coat

Grooming effort
Low grooming
Shedding
Seasonal shedding
Coat
Short coat

Exercise & enrichment

Daily exercise
Moderate exercise needs
Mental stimulation
Moderate mental stimulation
Trainability
Independent thinker

Temperament & sociability

With people
Politely friendly
With dogs
Selective with other dogs
With kids
Good with considerate children (supervise)
Barking / noise
Vocal
Chase instinct
High prey drive
Time alone
Moderate separation-anxiety risk

Home & climate fit

Hot weather
High heat tolerance
House-training
Challenging to house-train

Health & screening

General information, not veterinary advice. Predisposition ≠ diagnosis. Always consult your veterinarian. Each claim is sourced below.
Intervertebral disc diseasehigh-confidence
Recommended screening: Veterinary spinal assessment
This breed's hallmark concern; ramps over jumps, a lean body weight and gentle handling protect the back.
Progressive retinal atrophymoderate-confidence
Recommended screening: cord1-PRA DNA test · Ophthalmologist eye exam
A cord1 DNA test plus eye exams inform breeding; results indicate risk, not certainty.
Patellar luxationmoderate-confidence
Recommended screening: OFA patella evaluation
Lafora diseasehigh-confidence
Recommended screening: Lafora disease (NHLRC1) DNA test
A DNA test, most relevant to Miniature Wire-haired Dachshunds, guides breeding.